Ivyuma vy’amamolekule vy’amabuye y’agaciro yitwa zeolite birafise uruhara runini mu bijanye no guhingura ivyuma vy’amazi vyitwa PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption), kandi ubushobozi bwavyo bwo gufata ivyuma vy’amazi ni urufunguruzo rwo gushika ku gusukura neza ivyuma vy’amazi. Uguhingura hydrogène ya PSA ni uburyo bwo gufata ibintu mu buryo bw’umubiri, ni uburyo bwo gutandukanya gazi bukoresha ubushobozi butandukanye bwo gufata ibintu bw’imiyaga itandukanye ku gikoresho co gufata ibintu c’ivyuma.
Ni Gute Inzira Yo Gusukura Ihydrogène?
Uko hydrogène ikoreshwa mu nzego nyinshi z’inganda n’inguvu, cane cane mu bikoresho vy’amavuta n’ivy’ubuhinga bwa none, zifise ibisabwa bikomeye cane, hydrogène y’ubusuku bwinshi ni yo yonyene ishobora gushitsa ivyo bisabwa.
Ariko iyo hydrogène ikomoka ku bikoresho vya mbere akenshi irimwo umwotsi w’amazi n’ibintu bihumanye nk’ivyo bita monoxide de carbone, carbone dioxyde, méthane, gaz d’azote n’ivyo bita sulfures. Ayo mazi n’ivyo bihumanye birashobora gutera ubumara ibintu bitera ubumara, bikagabanya ubushobozi bwo gukora, bikagira ubumara bw’ibikoresho, kandi bikagira ingorane ku mutekano. Ku bw’ivyo, ibikorwa bijanye no gusukura ivyuma vy’amazi ahanini vyibanda ku kwumisha no gukuraho ubuhumane.
PSA Hydrogène Uguhingura no Gusukura
Uguhingura ihydrogène ya PSA ni kimwe mu bikoresho bikoreshwa cane mu gusukura hydrogène mu nganda. Ni vyiza cane cane mu gusukura ihydrogène-irimwo imyuka ivanze nk’imyuka y’ifuru ya coke na syngas (uguhindura imyuka kavukire, guhindura imyuka y’amakara).
PSA hydrogen purification ikoresha ubushobozi bwo gutoranya butandukanye bw’ibisesa vy’amamolekule mu gihe c’umuvuduko munini, kugira ngo itandukanye hydrogène na gaze ivanze. Ingano z’ibihimba vy’umubiri zihuye zituma zishobora gufata utugingo ngengabuzima dutoduto tw’ubuhumane, maze zikarekura utugingo ngengabuzima dutoduto tw’iyidrojene.
Ubu buryo bwo gukuraho ubunini-butuma amazi n’ibihumanye bikurwaho neza, bikazana amazi y’iyidrojeni isukuye cane ibereye gukoreshwa mu bikorwa bihambaye. Kandi ivyuma vy’amamolekule vy’amazi vyitwa zeolite vyacitse ibuye ry’imfuruka muri iyo nzira.
Iyo hari umukazo mwinshi, ibintu bihumanye biranywanywa, mu gihe ivyuma vy’iyidrojeni bica muri vyo. Mu gihe c’umuvuduko muto/ubusa, izo nzira z’amamolekule zirakura (zisubirana), zikarekura ubuhumane. Mu guhindura umukazo rimwe na rimwe, umuntu arashobora kubandanya aronka ihydrogène y’ubusuku bwinshi.
Ivyuma vy'amamolekule vyo gusukura ihydrogène
Imbere y’uko umuyaga winjira imbere y’ugusukura: Imbere y’uko umugezi w’umuyagankuba uvanze (urimwo ihydrogène, umwotsi w’amazi, monoxide de carbone, carbone dioxyde de carbone, metane, gaz d’azote, n’ibindi) winjira muri sisitemu ya PSA, ubwoko bwa 3A canke 4A zeolite molecules sieves (canke alumina ikoreshwa) birakenewe ubwa mbere kugira ngo ukureho water.
Ugufata amazi n’umuvuduko munini: Ibintu bihumanye (nk’umuyagankuba, umuyagankuba, metane, gaze azote, n’ibindi) birashobora gufatwa n’ibikoresho vy’ugusesa amazi vy’ubwoko bwa 5A, kandi rimwe na rimwe ibikoresho vy’ugusesa amazi vy’ubwoko bwa 13X na vyo nyene birashobora gukoreshwa hamwe.